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单词 Bloch Function
释义

Bloch Function

中文百科

布洛赫波 Bloch wave

(重定向自Bloch Function)
硅晶格中的布洛赫波

在固体物理学中,布洛赫波Bloch wave)是周期性势场(如晶体)中粒子(一般为电子)的波函数,又名布洛赫态Bloch state)。

布洛赫波因其提出者美籍瑞士裔物理学家菲利克斯·布洛赫而得名。

布洛赫波由一个平面波和一个周期函数 u(\boldsymbol{r}) (布洛赫波包)相乘得到。其中 u(\boldsymbol{r}) 与势场具有相同周期性。布洛赫波的具体形式为:

式中k 为波矢。上式表达的波函数称为布洛赫函数当势场具有晶格周期性时,其中的粒子所满足的波动方程的解ψ存在性质

这一结论称为布洛赫定理Bloch's theorem),其中 \boldsymbol{R_n} 为晶格周期矢量。可以看出,具有上式性质的波函数可以写成布洛赫函数的形式。

英语百科

Bloch wave 布洛赫波

(重定向自Bloch Function)
Isosurface of the square modulus of a Bloch wave in silicon lattice
Solid line: A schematic of a typical Bloch wave in one dimension. (The actual wave is complex; this is the real part.) The dotted line is from the eik·r factor. The light circles represent atoms.
A Bloch wave (bottom) can be broken up into the product of a periodic function (top) and a plane-wave (center). The left side and right side represent the same Bloch wave broken up in two different ways, involving the wave vector k1 (left) or k2 (right). The difference (k1−k2) is a reciprocal lattice vector. In all plots, blue is real part and red is imaginary part.

A Bloch wave (also called Bloch state or Bloch function or Bloch wave function), named after Swiss physicist Felix Bloch, is a type of wavefunction for a particle in a periodically-repeating environment, most commonly an electron in a crystal. A wavefunction ψ is a Bloch wave if it has the form:

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更新时间:2025/6/18 18:50:45