黑美洲鹫（学名：Coragyps atratus），亦称为黑头美洲鹫，是美洲鹫科黑美洲鹫属中的唯一一种，从美国东南部到南美洲都有分布。虽然黑美洲鹫分布广泛，但仍然不及同科的红头美洲鹫（由加拿大至火地群岛均有分布）。尽管黑美洲鹫的名称和外表与欧亚大陆的秃鹫相似，但亲缘关系并不相近。欧亚大陆的秃鹫属于鹰科（同科的亦包括鹰、鸢、鹞等），而黑美洲鹫则属于美洲鹫科。

黑美洲鹫多栖息于相对开放的环境，例如疏乱的树林或灌丛中。黑美洲鹫的翼展可达1.5米（5英尺），属大型鸟种，但比起美洲鹫科的其他6种，它却是体型最小的一种。黑美洲鹫全身有黑色的翅膀和羽毛，头和颈部裸露灰黑色皮肤，钩嘴较短。

The black vulture (Coragyps atratus) also known as the American black vulture, is a bird in the New World vulture family whose range extends from the southeastern United States to Central Chile and Uruguay in South America. Although a common and widespread species, it has a somewhat more restricted distribution than its compatriot, the turkey vulture, which breeds well into Canada and south to Tierra del Fuego. Despite the similar name and appearance, this species is unrelated to the Eurasian black vulture. The latter species is an Old World vulture in the family Accipitridae (which includes eagles, hawks, kites and harriers), whereas the American species is a New World vulture. It is the only extant member of the genus Coragyps, which is in the family Cathartidae. It inhabits relatively open areas which provide scattered forests or shrublands. With a wingspan of 1.5 m (4.9 ft), the black vulture is a large bird though relatively small for a vulture. It has black plumage, a featherless, grayish-black head and neck, and a short, hooked beak.