丁腈橡胶（Nitrile Butadiene Rubber，NBR）是一种合成橡胶，由丙烯腈与丁二烯单体聚合而成的共聚物，耐油性（尤其是烷烃油）极好、耐磨性较高、气密性好、耐热性较好、粘接力强、耐老化性能较好等优点。缺点是耐低温性差、耐臭氧性差，绝缘性差，弹性稍低，不宜做绝缘材料。德国首先于1937年开始商业化生产。

虽然丁腈橡胶的化学性质和物理性质随着聚合物中氰基含量的变化而变化，但丁腈橡胶始终保持着抗油脂、汽油及其他溶剂溶解、腐蚀的特性。聚合物中氰基含量越高，其抗腐蚀性越强，同时弹性越差。

丁腈橡胶被用于制造油料的输送软管、阻燃输送带。其次用于汽车工业的密封器件，以及耐油垫圈、垫片、套管、软包装、软胶管、印染胶辊、电缆胶材料、核工业中用于制造防护手套。丁腈橡胶对温度有很强的适应能力，能在−40至108 °C的温度范围内正常工作，这一特性使得丁腈橡胶在航空工业中被广泛应用。丁腈橡胶还能浇铸成各种产品。

Nitrile rubber, also known as Buna-N, Perbunan, acrylonitrile butadiene rubber, and NBR, is a synthetic rubber copolymer of acrylonitrile (ACN) and butadiene. Trade names include Nipol, Krynac and Europrene.

Nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) is a family of unsaturated copolymers of 2-propenenitrile and various butadiene monomers (1,2-butadiene and 1,3-butadiene). Although its physical and chemical properties vary depending on the polymer’s composition of nitrile, this form of synthetic rubber is unusual in being generally resistant to oil, fuel, and other chemicals (the more nitrile within the polymer, the higher the resistance to oils but the lower the flexibility of the material).