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单词 Zero meridian
释义

Zero meridian

中文百科

本初子午线 Prime meridian

(重定向自Zero meridian)
格林威治天文台的本初子午线

本初子午线英语:Prime meridian),即0度经线,亦称格林威治子午线格林尼治子午线本初经线,是经过英国格林尼治天文台的一条经线(亦称子午线)。本初子午线的东西两边分别定为东经和西经,于180度相遇。

不像纬度起点(即赤道)可以由地球自转轴决定,理论上任何一条经线都可以被定为本初子午线,故此在历史上曾对此线有不同定位。1851年御用天文学家艾里(Sir George Airy)在格林威治天文台设置中星仪,并以此确定格林威治子午线。因为当时超过三分之二的船只已使用该线为参考子午线,在1884年于美国华盛顿特区举行的国际本初子午线大会上正式定之为经度的起点。来自25个国家共41位代表参与了会议,法国代表在投票时弃权,在1911年之前法国仍以巴黎子午线作为经度起点。

英语百科

Prime meridian 本初子午线

(重定向自Zero meridian)

0°
Prime Meridian
Gerardus Mercator in his Atlas Cosmographicae (1595) uses a prime meridian somewhere close to 25°W, passing just to the west of Santa Maria Island in the Atlantic. His 180th meridian runs along the Strait of Anián (Bering Strait)
Ptolemy's 1st projection, redrawn under Maximus Planudes around 1300, using a prime meridian east of Africa
Diogo Ribeiro's map of 1529, now in the Vatican library

A prime meridian is a meridian (a line of longitude) in a geographical coordinate system at which longitude is defined to be 0°. Together, a prime meridian and its antimeridian (the 180th meridian in a 360°-system) form a great circle. This great circle divides the sphere, e.g., the Earth, into two hemispheres. If one uses directions of East and West from a defined prime meridian, then they can be called Eastern Hemisphere and Western Hemisphere.

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更新时间:2025/6/21 22:57:11