短叶丝兰（学名：Yucca brevifolia）又名约书亚树，为百合科丝兰属下的一个物种，分布在美国西南部。

短叶丝兰分布在美国西南部的加州，亚利桑那州，犹他州和内华达州的莫哈韦沙漠约书亚树国家公园海拔介乎400至1,800米之间的空旷草原。

Yucca brevifolia is a plant species belonging to the genus Yucca. It is tree-like in habit, which is reflected in its common names: Joshua tree, yucca palm, tree yucca, and palm tree yucca.

This monocotyledonous tree is native to arid southwestern North America in the states of California, Arizona, Utah, and Nevada, where it is confined mostly to the Mojave Desert between 400 and 1,800 m (1,300 and 5,900 ft) elevation. It thrives in the open grasslands of Queen Valley and Lost Horse Valley in Joshua Tree National Park. A dense Joshua tree forest also exists in Mojave National Preserve, in the area of Cima Dome.