邪马台国（亦称邪摩堆、夜麻登及耶麻腾）是《三国志》中《魏志·乌丸鲜卑东夷传》倭人条（通称魏志倭人传）记载的倭女王国名。《魏志》记载，2世纪末日本有许多小国分立，邪马台国是统治这些小国的强大国家。女王卑弥呼统率周围的奴国和伊都国等许多小国，数次向魏国朝贡。女王死后，统治力量为之动摇，后立同族的台与为王，力图复兴。当时的社会由王、大人、下户、生口、奴婢等各种身分构成。王有主管祭祀的女王和负责政治、军事的男王，共同进行统治，由大人协助。下户受王和大人的支配。生口是战俘（有人说是绳文人），相当于奴隶。关于邪马台国的所在地，传统上有畿内说与九州说，但因史料限制，尚无定论。2010年琉球大学名誉教授、海底遗迹研究会理事长木村政昭又提出琉球说（或称冲绳说）。

Yama-taikoku(邪馬台国) or Yamaichi-koku(邪馬壹國)(c. 1st century – c. 3rd century) is the Sino-Japanese name of an ancient country in Wa (Japan) during the late Yayoi period (c. BCE 300 – c. 300 CE). The Chinese text Records of the Three Kingdoms first recorded as Yamatai guo (traditional Chinese: 邪馬臺國) or Yemayi guo (traditional Chinese: 邪馬壹國) as the domain of Priest-Queen Himiko (died c. 248 CE). Generations of Japanese historians, linguists, and archeologists have debated where Yamatai-koku was located and whether it was related to the later Yamato(大和).