鸟翼蝶是原产于东南亚及澳洲大陆及周边群岛的凤蝶，另有一种分布在印度。其下共有三属，包括鸟翼凤蝶属、红颈凤蝶属及裳凤蝶属，一些学者喜欢加上额外的一属，全部共有约10-30个物种。其名「鸟翼」是因它们特大的体型、起角的翅膀及像鸟类的飞行姿势。

鸟翼蝶包含了蝴蝶中最大的亚历山大鸟翼蝶、第二大的玉皇鸟翼凤蝶及澳洲最大的石冢鸟翼凤蝶。 另外著名及外表吸引的翠叶红颈凤蝶是以19世纪砂拉越王国第一国王詹姆士·布鲁克（James Brooke）来命名。

Birdwings are butterflies in the Swallowtail family, that belong to the genera Trogonoptera, Troides, and Ornithoptera. Most recent authorities recognise 36 species, however, this is debated, and some authorities include additional genera. Birdwings are named for their exceptional size, angular wings, and birdlike flight. They are native to the Indian Subcontinent, mainland and archipelagic Southeast Asia, and Australasia.