About 85 miles southwest of Salt Lake City is the US government's top-secret bioweapons lab.

美国政府的绝密生物武器实验室位于盐湖城西南约85英里处。

Bioweapons have other properties that would make them particularly dangerous.

生物武器还有其他特性，这使得它们特别危险。

That makes a bioweapon less appealing to use.

这使得生化武器不那么吸引人了。

Other grisly experiments were also conducted to perfect Ishii’s bioweapons.

为了完善石井的生物武器，还进行了其他可怕的实验。

What's more, because the disease can spread, bioweapons could affect areas far beyond the vicinity of the original attack.

更重要的是，由于疾病可以传播，生物武器可能会影响到最初袭击附近以外的地区。

But these days, it's not just state-sponsored bioweapons programs that keep biosecurity experts up at night.

但如今，让生物安全专家夜不能寐的不仅仅是国家资助的生物武器项目。

And shortly after the war, some had even developed bioweapons as we recognise them today.

战后不久，一些人甚至研制出了我们今天所知的生物武器。

However, he was most emphatic in pointing out the fear that bioweapons would cause in

然而，他最强调的是生物武器会引起人们的恐惧。

What happened at Sverdlovsk was a tragedy, and the Soviet bioweapons program was a violation of international law.

在斯维尔德洛夫斯克发生的事情是一场悲剧，苏联的生物武器计划违反了国际法。

Yet, despite the use of deadly bioweapons, the war was not going Japan’s way.

然而，尽管使用了致命的生物武器，战争并没有朝着日本的方向发展。

But history can at least give us the context in which bioweapons have been used and how they might be used today.

但是，历史至少可以给我们提供生物武器被使用的背景，以及它们在今天可能如何被使用。

Massive Soviet cheating on bioweapons treaties made that very clear, as does every illegal drug lab in the world.

苏联对生物武器条约的大规模欺骗非常清楚地表明了这一点，世界上每个非法药物实验室也是如此。

One of Ishii’s close colleagues, Dr. Kiyoshi Hayakawa, spearheaded the bioweapons campaign.

石井的一位亲密同事早川清博士带头发起了生物武器运动。

One method of testing was to tie prisoners to poles in a field and drop bioweapons on

一种测试方法是将囚犯绑在田野里的柱子上，然后向其投掷生物武器。

In 1969, the WHO estimated that a single bioweapon attack in a medium-sized city could kill tens of thousands of people.

1969 年，世卫组织估计，在一个中等城市发生的一次生物武器袭击就能杀死数万人。

Because they rely on biological mechanisms to inflict harm, unlike the physical damage from, say, a bullet, weaponized outbreaks are also called bioweapons.

因为它们依靠生物机制来造成伤害，不像子弹造成的物理伤害，武器化的疫情爆发也被称为生物武器。

You don't, I think, want faster progress in bioweapons, or in, say, isotope separation, that would make it easier to create nukes.

我认为， 你不希望在生物武器或同位素分离方面取得更快的进展，这将使制造核武器变得更容易。

In 1979, a plume of anthrax spores was accidentally released from a secret bioweapons facility in Sverdlovsk, a city in the Soviet Union.

1979 年，苏联城市斯维尔德洛夫斯克的一个秘密生物武器设施意外释放出一缕炭疽孢子。

Remarkably, people have used bioweapons since long before we knew pathogens, the germs that make us ill, were responsible for infectious disease, or even knew what pathogens were!

值得注意的是，早在我们知道病原体之前，人们就已经使用生物武器了；病原体是使我们生病的细菌，是传染病的罪魁祸首，但那时候我们甚至还不知道病原体是什么！

The kinds of pathogens used in a bioweapon can be reproduced from naturally occurring ones, like the viruses that cause smallpox viruses or bacteria that cause anthrax and cholera.

生物武器中使用的病原体可以从自然发生的病原体中复制出来，如导致天花病毒的病毒或导致炭疽和霍乱的细菌。