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生物圈（Biosphere）是指地球上所有生态系的统合整体，是地球的一个外层圈，其范围大约为海平面上下垂直约10公里。它包括地球上有生命存在和由生命过程变化和转变的空气、陆地、岩石圈和水。从地质学的广义角度上来看生物圈是结合所有生物以及它们之间的关系的全球性的生态系统，包括生物与岩石圈、水圈和空气的相互作用。生物圈是一个封闭且能自我调控的系统。地球目前是整个宇宙中唯一已知的有生物生存的地方。一般认为生物圈是从35亿年前生命起源后演化而来的。

简单来说地球上所有的生物体和赖以生存的环境，合称生物圈。

The biosphere is the global sum of all ecosystems. It can also be termed as the zone of life on Earth, a closed system (apart from solar and cosmic radiation and heat from the interior of the Earth), and largely self-regulating. By the most general biophysiological definition, the biosphere is the global ecological system integrating all living beings and their relationships, including their interaction with the elements of the lithosphere, geosphere, hydrosphere, and atmosphere. The biosphere is postulated to have evolved, beginning with a process of biopoesis (life created naturally from non-living matter, such as simple organic compounds) or biogenesis (life created from living matter), at least some 3.5 billion years ago. The earliest evidence for life on Earth includes biogenic graphite found in 3.7 billion-year-old metasedimentary rocks from Western Greenland and microbial mat fossils found in 3.48 billion-year-old sandstone from Western Australia. More recently, in 2015, "remains of biotic life" were found in 4.1 billion-year-old rocks in Western Australia. According to one of the researchers, "If life arose relatively quickly on Earth ... then it could be common in the universe."