威廉·戈德温（William Godwin，1756年3月3日－1836年4月7日），英国记者、哲学家、小说家。被认为是功利主义的最早解释者之一和无政府主义的提出者之一。 以其同一年内发表的攻击当时政治制度的《政治正义论》和攻击贵族特权的《Things as They Are; or, The Adventures of Caleb Williams》（同时也是最早的悬疑小说）出名，他也因此在1790年代的伦敦激进主义者圈子中迅速出名。在随后的保守主义和激进主义的冲突中，因与女权作家玛丽·沃斯通克拉夫特结婚（1797年）并在玛丽死后写了一部很直白的传记而受到抨击。女儿玛丽嫁给了英国诗人雪莱之后，他娶了第二任妻子玛丽·简·克莱尔蒙特（Mary Jane Clairmont），同时写下了圣经和古典历史的儿童初级读本，并附在查尔斯·兰姆和玛丽·兰姆的《莎士比亚戏剧故事集》中出版。他用笔名“爱德华·鲍德温”（Edward Baldwin）写了一系列童书，其中包括一个版本的《杰克与豌豆》。

William Godwin (3 March 1756 – 7 April 1836) was an English journalist, political philosopher and novelist. He is considered one of the first exponents of utilitarianism, and the first modern proponent of anarchism. Godwin is most famous for two books that he published within the space of a year: An Enquiry Concerning Political Justice, an attack on political institutions, and Things as They Are; or, The Adventures of Caleb Williams, which attacks aristocratic privilege, but also is the first mystery novel. Based on the success of both, Godwin featured prominently in the radical circles of London in the 1790s. In the ensuing conservative reaction to British radicalism, Godwin was attacked, in part because of his marriage to the pioneering feminist writer Mary Wollstonecraft in 1797 and his candid biography of her after her death from childbirth. His daughter, Mary Godwin (later Mary Shelley) would go on to write Frankenstein and marry the poet Percy Bysshe Shelley. Godwin wrote prolifically in the genres of novels, history and demography throughout his lifetime. With his second wife, Mary Jane Clairmont, he wrote children's primers on Biblical and classical history, which he published along with such works as Charles and Mary Lamb's Tales from Shakespeare. Using the pseudonym Edward Baldwin, he wrote a variety of books for children, including a version of Jack and the Beanstalk. He also has had considerable influence on British literature and literary culture.