列车隧道通风指以自然或机械通风设施等保持隧道内维持新鲜空气，以维持隧道内人员之舒适感。

目前大众化之列车隧道大致可分为：铁路、捷运及高速铁路隧道等等。各种不同之列车，其车速及车种不同在隧道内产生活塞效应之程度亦大不相同。且隧道是单向运行、亦是双向运行，或是否有地下车站等等，都将关系着通风设施之布置。。

In subterranean civil engineering, ventilation shafts, also known as airshafts or vent shafts, are vertical passages used in mines and tunnels to move fresh air underground, and to remove stale air.

In architecture, an airshaft is a small, vertical space within a tall building which permits ventilation of the building's interior spaces to the outside. The floorplan of a building with an airshaft is often described as a "square donut" shape. Alternatively, an airshaft may be formed between two adjacent buildings. Windows on the interior side of the donut allow air from the building to be exhausted into the shaft, and, depending on the height and width of the shaft, may also allow extra sunlight inside.