Protein C or S deficiency is commonly asymptomatic, but symptoms arise when a venous thromboembolism develops.

蛋白C和S缺乏症患者一般无临床症状，当血栓栓塞时可出现症状。

Symptoms of venous thromboembolism include pain similar to a muscle cramp, and swelling in the affected leg.

静脉血栓栓塞的症状包括类似肌肉痉挛的疼痛以及患侧腿部肿胀。

Most people present with venous thromboembolism, where a blood clot of the leg veins or lung circulation is most common.

大部分患者会出现静脉血栓栓塞，最常见的是在腿部静脉及肺循环中形成血栓。

Initial treatment of venous thromboembolisms is the same as it would be for patients with normal protein C and protein S levels.

对静脉血栓栓塞的初步治疗，与对拥有正常水平蛋白C和S的患者治疗是一样的。

Protein C or protein S deficiency is also sometimes suspected when a venous thromboembolism develops in an unusual site like the portal, mesenteric, or cerebral veins.

当静脉血栓栓塞出现在不常见的部位时，也要怀疑蛋白C或蛋白S缺乏症，比如门静脉、肠系膜静脉或脑部静脉。

A more serious presentation is neonatal purpura fulminans, which is when a newborn with protein C or S deficiency suffers massive arterial and venous thromboembolisms with hemorrhagic skin necrosis.

更严重的并发症是新生儿暴发性紫癜，即患有蛋白C和S缺乏症的新生儿出现大量动静脉血栓栓塞及出血性皮肤坏死。

Protein C or S deficiency is suspected in people with a strong family history of coagulation disorders, especially those who suffer from recurrent venous thromboembolisms and experience their first thrombotic event before age fifty.

有明显凝血功能障碍家族史的患者可怀疑蛋白C或蛋白S缺乏症，尤其是反复出现静脉血栓栓塞，且于50岁之前发生第一次栓塞的患者。