优婆塞 Upāsaka and Upāsikā
（重定向自Upasaka）
优婆塞（upāsaka），又译乌婆塞、伊蒲塞、优婆婆柯、邬波索迦，意译清信士、近事男、近善男、信士、信男，指业已皈依佛法僧三宝，并誓守在家五戒（不杀生、不偷盗、不邪淫、不妄语、不饮酒）的在家男性佛教信徒，为四众或七众之一。在中国常称为居士。释迦牟尼弟子耶舍，其父为第一位优婆塞。
Upasaka
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Upāsaka and Upāsikā 优婆塞
（重定向自Upasaka）
Upāsaka (masculine) or Upāsikā (feminine) are from the Sanskrit and Pāli words for "attendant". This is the title of followers of Buddhism (or, historically, of Gautama Buddha) who are not monks, nuns, or novice monastics in a Buddhist order, and who undertake certain vows. In modern times they have a connotation of dedicated piety that is best suggested by terms such as "lay devotee" or "devout lay follower."
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