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单词 Unfolded protein response
释义

Unfolded protein response

英语百科

Unfolded protein response

A simplified diagram of the initiation of the UPR by prolonged and overwhelming protein malfolding. Grp78 recruitment to chaperone the malfolded proteins results in Grp78 dissociation from its conformational binding state of the transmembrane receptor proteins PERK, IRE1 and ATF6. Dissociation results in receptor homodimerisation and oligomerisation to an active state. The activated cytosolic domain of PERK phosphorylates the eIF2alpha, inhibiting translation and resulting in cell cycle arrest. The activated cytosolic domain of IRE1 cleaves the 252bp intron from its substrate XBP1, facilitating its translation to form the transcription factor XBP1. Activated ATF6 translocates to the Golgi, cleaved by proteases to form an active 50kDa fragment (ATF6 p50). ATF6 p50 and  XBP1 bind ERSE promoters in the nucleus to produce upregulation of the proteins involved in the unfolded protein response.

The unfolded protein response (UPR) is a cellular stress response related to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). It is a stress response that has been found to be conserved between all mammalian species, as well as yeast and worm organisms. This article focuses on the mammalian response.

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更新时间:2025/6/18 12:26:56