榆树，乔本的一种，双子叶植物中属榆科，主要在北半球的温带地区生长。一般高约25米，树皮粗糙。具高度实用、药用及食用价值。

榆树的叶呈椭圆形或椭圆状波针形，叶长2-8厘米、宽1.5-2.5厘米，两面叶面无毛，或背面脉腋有毛。叶侧脉有9-16对，叶缘有单锯齿，很少有重锯齿。叶柄长约2-10毫米。

榆树在早春发叶前先开花，花呈簇状生成聚伞花序，花被钟形，开4-5花瓣，每朵花有雄蕊约4-5条。翅果近圆形或宽倒卵形，长约1.3-1.5厘米，果皮表面无毛，顶端凹缺。内藏种子，近翅果中部，很少接近凹缺处；果柄长约2毫米。

Ulmus minor Mill., the Field Elm, is by far the most polymorphic of the European species, although its taxonomy remains a matter of contention. Its natural range is predominantly south European, extending to Asia Minor and Iran; its northern outposts are the Baltic islands of Öland and Gotland, although it may have been introduced here by man. The tree's typical habitat is low-lying forest along the main rivers, growing in association with oak and ash, where it tolerates summer floods as well as droughts.