香蒲科（学名：Typhaceae）只有2属约48种，分布在除南非、马达加斯加岛和中美洲以外的世界各地，中国有约16种，其中香蒲属主要分布在北方，黑三棱属则分布在东北到西南一带。

香蒲属植物为水生草本，有地下茎；叶2列，线形，直立；花小，单性，雌雄同株，无花被，雄花居上部，雌花在下部；果实为坚果。有些种类的花粉、甚至全草都可以作为药物，有的叶可供织席。

黑三棱属植物为水生植物，生长在沼泽地带和湖泊边缘浅水处，有根茎和茎；叶狭长，无柄，直立或浮水；花单性，雌雄同株，每一花序上，雄花束生于雌花束之上，花被由延长的鳞片组成；果实的外果皮为海绵质。

The Typhaceae /taɪˈfeɪsiː/ are a family of flowering plants. The botanical name for the family has been recognized by most taxonomists.

The APG II system, of 2003 (unchanged from the APG system, 1998), also recognizes this family, and assigns it to the order Poales in the clade commelinids, in the monocots. The family then consisted of one genus (Typha), totalling a dozen species of perennial plants of wet habitats. More recently, the APG III system of 2009 included a second genus, Sparganium, in this family.