The first is " framing effects." This was a classic study by Kahneman and Tversky involving this sort of question.

首先是“框架效应”。这是卡尼曼和特沃斯基涉及此类问题的经典研究。

Well, my thinking on this has been guided by a distinction drawn by Kahneman and Tversky between two types of thinking, one being a kind of inside approach and the other being an outside approach.

嗯，我对此的思考是受到卡尼曼和特沃斯基对两种思维方式的区分的指导，一种是一种内部方法，另一种是一种外部方法。