在可计算性理论中，可计算函数（computable function）或图灵可计算函数是研究的基本对象。它们使我们直觉上的算法概念更加精确。使用可计算函数来讨论可计算性而不提及任何具体的计算模型，如图灵机或寄存器机。但是它们的定义必须提及某种特殊的计算模型。

在可计算函数的精确定义之前，数学家经常使用非正式术语可有效计算的。这个术语因此可以被认同为可计算函数。尽管这些函数被叫做有效的，它们可能极其困难。可行可计算性和计算复杂性研究可有效计算的函数。

依据邱奇-图灵论题，可计算函数精确的是使用给出无限数量的时间和存储空间的机器计算设备来计算的函数。等价的说，这个论题声称有算法的任何函数都是可计算的。

Computable functions are the basic objects of study in computability theory. Computable functions are the formalized analogue of the intuitive notion of algorithm, in the sense that a function is computable if there exists an algorithm that can do the job of the function, i.e. given an input of the function domain it can return the corresponding output. Computable functions are used to discuss computability without referring to any concrete model of computation such as Turing machines or register machines. Any definition, however, must make reference to some specific model of computation but all valid definitions yield the same class of functions. Particular models of computability that give rise to the set of computable functions are the Turing-computable functions and the μ-recursive functions.