拉斐尔·莱昂尼达斯·特鲁希略·莫利纳（西班牙语：Rafael Leonidas Trujillo Molina，1891年10月24日－1961年5月30日），绰号老大、大头目、大老板（El Jefe），曾任两次多米尼加共和国总统（1930年－1938年、1942年－1952年）。从1930年开始，以军事强人的姿态，在幕后担任多米尼加共和国的独裁者，直到1961年被暗杀，统治多米尼加共和国时间长达30年。他统治的30年间，称为特鲁希略时期（La Era de Trujillo），在多米尼加共和国推动对他的个人崇拜，也是多米尼加共和国最血腥的年代。造成超过50,000海地人死亡的香菜大屠杀（Masacre del Perejil）被认为应该由他负责。

Rafael Leónidas Trujillo Molina (Spanish pronunciation: [rafaˈel leˈoniðas tɾuˈxiʝo]; 24 October 1891 – 30 May 1961), nicknamed El Jefe (Spanish: [el ˈxefe], The Chief or The Boss), ruled the Dominican Republic from February 1930 until his assassination in May 1961. He served as president from 1930 to 1938 and again from 1942 to 1952, ruling for the rest of the time as an unelected military strongman under figurehead presidents. His 31 years in power, to Dominicans known as the Trujillo Era (Spanish:La Era de Trujillo), are considered one of the bloodiest eras ever in the Americas, as well as a time of a personality cult, when monuments to Trujillo were in abundance. It has been estimated that Trujillo was responsible for the death of more than 50,000 people, including possibly as many as 10,000 in the Parsley Massacre.