热带主义运动（葡萄牙语：Tropicália, 又作 Tropicalismo）是1960年代晚期兴于巴西的文艺运动，包含戏剧、诗歌、音乐等艺术形式。热带主义运动受图像诗影响甚多，图像诗是巴西前卫诗歌文体的一种，代表作家包括 Augusto de Campos, Haroldo de Campos, 以及 Décio Pignatari。不过，热带主义运动主要是指在巴西国内与国外，以音乐表达为主的文艺运动，最初是透过融合巴西音乐、非洲节奏乐、摇滚乐等不同类型音乐而兴起的。

Tropicália, also known as Tropicalismo, is a Brazilian artistic movement that arose in the late 1960s. It encompassed art forms such as theatre, poetry, and music. The movement was characterized by a combination of the popular and the avant-garde, as well as a fusion of traditional Brazilian culture with foreign influences.