三叠纪（英语：Triassic）是2.5亿至2亿年前的一个地质时代，它位于二叠纪和侏罗纪之间，是中生代的第一个纪。三叠纪的开始和结束各以一次灭绝事件为标志。虽然这段时间的岩石标志非常明显和清晰，其开始和结束的准确时间却如同其它古远的地质时代无法非常精确地被确定。其误差在正负数百万年。

三叠纪的名称是1834年弗里德里希·冯·阿尔伯提起的，他将在中欧普遍存在的位于白色的石灰岩和黑色的页岩以及其间的红色的三层岩石层统称为三叠纪。今天，三叠纪被分成更多亚层。

标志三叠纪的典型的红色沙岩说明当时的气候比较温暖干燥，没有任何冰川的迹象。今天一般认为当时在两极没有陆地或覆冰。因为当时地球上只有一个大陆，因此当时的海岸线比今天要短得多，三叠纪时遗留下来的近海沉积比较少，只有在西欧比较丰富。因此三叠纪的分层主要是依靠暗礁地带的生物化石来分的。

The Triassic (pronunciation: /traɪˈæsɪk/) is a geologic period and system that extends from roughly 252.17 to 201.3 million years ago, an interval of 51.04 million years. It is the first period of the Mesozoic Era, and lies between the Permian and Jurassic periods. Both the start and end of the period are marked by major extinction events. The Triassic was named in 1834 by Friedrich von Alberti, after the three distinct rock layers (tri meaning "three") that are found throughout Germany and northwestern Europe—red beds, capped by marine limestone, followed by a series of terrestrial mud- and sandstones—called the "Trias".