特兰西瓦尼亚大学（Transylvania University）是位于美国肯塔基州莱克星顿的一所私立文科学院，现有学生约1，100人。

特兰西瓦尼亚大学于1780年建校，是美国当时仅有的16座学院中惟一处于阿巴拉契亚山脉以西的，因为它靠近当时的弗吉尼亚州西部的森林地带（现属于肯塔基州）而得到“特兰西瓦尼亚”（源于拉丁语，意指“在森林那边的”）这一名字。

1789年特兰西瓦尼亚大学从Danville迁到莱克星顿。南北战争时期，大学遇到了严重的经济困难，只得与校园被毁的Kentucky University合并。校名为Kentucky Univeristy，校园在莱克星顿。在Morrill政府特许地学院法案的资助下（该法案规定每个州可以从联邦政府得到30000英亩的土地，用于创建教授军事，工程与农学的学院）校名改为肯塔基大学农业和机械学院。1878年由于意见分歧，学校分裂，一部分即今肯塔基大学前身，另一部分保留Kentucky University的名字一直到二十世纪初，才改回原名特兰西瓦尼亚大学。

Transylvania University is a private university in Lexington, Kentucky, United States. It was founded in 1780, making it the first university in Kentucky and among the oldest in the United States. It offers 36 major programs, as well as dual-degree engineering programs, and is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools. Transylvania's name, meaning "across the woods" in Latin, stems from the university's founding in the heavily forested region of western Virginia known as the Transylvania Colony, which became most of Kentucky in 1792. Transylvania is the alma mater of two U.S. vice presidents, two U.S. Supreme Court justices, fifty U.S. senators, 101 U.S. representatives, 36 U.S. governors, and 34 U.S. ambassadors, making it a large producer of U.S. statesmen. Its medical program graduated 8,000 physicians by 1859. Its enduring footprint, both in national and southern academe, make it among the most prolific cultural establishments and the most storied institution in the South.