转化生长因子-β（Transforming growth factor beta，TGF-β）是一多功能蛋白质，可以影响多种细胞的生长，分化、细胞凋亡及免疫调节等功能，转化生长因子-β包括三个亚型，转化生长因子-β1，转化生长因子-β2和转化生长因子-β3。转化生长因子-β属于转化生长因子-β超家族蛋白。

转化生长因子-β可以结合到细胞表面的转化生长因子-β受体结合而激活其受体。转化生长因子-β受体是丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶受体。其信号传递可以通过SMAD信号通路和/或DAXX信号通路。

在免疫、癌症、支气管哮喘、肺纤维化、心脏病、糖尿病、遗传性出血性毛细血管扩张、马凡综合征、血管埃-当洛综合征、Loeys–Dietz syndrome、Parkinson's disease、慢性肾脏疾病、Multiple Sclerosis、和AIDS等疾病有密切关系

Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) is a multi-functional cytokine belonging to the TGF-β superfamily that includes three different isoforms (TGF-β 1-3) and many other signaling proteins produced by all white blood cell lineages. Activated TGF-β complexes with other factors to form a serine/threonine kinase complex that binds to TGF-β receptors, which is composed of both type 1 and type 2 receptor subunits. After the binding of TGF-β, the type 2 receptor kinase phosphorylates and activates the type 1 receptor kinase that activates a signaling cascade. This leads to the activation of different downstream substrates and regulatory proteins, inducing transcription of different target genes that function in differentiation, chemotaxis, proliferation, and activation of many immune cells.