理发师是一种职业，负责理发。理发师与发型师不同，理发师通常只会进行简单的修剪头发或剃发，而发型师则会提供发型设计、美化，包括烫发及染发等。

理发师在中国古代有多种称呼，包括剃工、待诏、篦头师傅、剃头匠及整容匠等。理发此词语最早出现在汉代，西汉刘安所着《淮南万毕术》中提到：“理发灶前，妇安夫家”。

A barber (from the Latin barba, "beard") is a person whose occupation is mainly to cut, dress, groom, style and shave men's and boys' hair. A barber's place of work is known as a "barber shop" or a "barber's". Barber shops are also places of social interaction and public discourse. In some instances, barbershops are also public forums. They are the locations of open debates, voicing public concerns, and engaging citizens in discussions about contemporary issues. They were also influential in helping shape male identity.