First East Turkestan Republic




The First Eastern Turkestan Republic (ETR), or United Islamic Republic of East Turkestan (Uyghur: شەرقىي تۈركىستان ئىسلام جۇمھۇرىيىتى Sherqiy Türkistan Islam Jumhuriyiti), was a short-lived breakaway would-be Islamic republic founded in 1933. It was centered on the city of Kashgar in what is today the People's Republic of China-administered Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region. Although primarily the product of independence movement of the Uyghur population living there, the ETR was Turkish-ethnic in character, including Kyrgyz, and other Turkic Turkish in its government and its population.