In the minds of many Fed officials a slower pace of bond-buying does not mean tighter monetary policy.

在许多美联储官员的意识中，债券购买速度减缓，并不意味着更为紧缩的货币政策。

The prospect of rapidly growing earnings, in other words, might justify a buoyant stockmarket even in the face of tight monetary policy.

换句话说，即使货币政策紧缩，收入快速增长的前景也可能证明股市上涨是合理的。

The impact of tighter monetary policy will peak in the second half of this year, predicts Oliver Rakau of Oxford Economics, a consultancy.

牛津经济咨询公司的奥利弗·拉考预测，货币紧缩政策的影响将在今年下半年达到顶峰。

Research suggests that there are lags, sometimes long ones, between tighter monetary policy and lower inflation.

研究表明，收紧货币政策和降低通胀之间存在滞后，有时滞后时间很长。

So they see the instability in the banks as something that is a direct consequence of tighter monetary policy.

因此，他们将银行的不稳定视为收紧货币政策的直接后果。

A shift in expectations about inflation and tighter monetary policy are pushing up mortgage rates in America, according to Freddie Mac, a government-sponsored mortgage backer.

根据房地美(一家美国政府资助的抵押贷款机构)的说法，对通货膨胀预期的转变和紧缩的货币政策正在推高美国的抵押贷款利率。

The FT's Mary McDougall says investors are worried that the BoE is going to turn to even tighter monetary policy now.

英国《金融时报》的玛丽麦克杜格尔表示， 投资者担心英国央行现在将转向更紧缩的货币政策。

Though most of the inflation was imported, many central banks have been caught out since the covid-19 pandemic by assuming price growth will cool without tighter monetary policy.

尽管大部分通胀是输入性的，但自从新冠肺炎疫情至今，许多央行陷入了困境，因为它们认为，不收紧货币政策，物价上涨也会降温。

But tighter monetary policy would be at odds with the needs of its weak economy, which is hampered by a property slump and draconian covid controls.

但更紧缩的货币政策将与其疲软的经济的需求不一致，该经济受到房地产市场低迷和严厉的新冠控制措施的阻碍。

Those looking for evidence of a " soft landing" , where the economy avoids a recession despite tighter monetary policy, found solace in the American consumer.

那些寻找“软着陆” 证据的人在美国消费者身上找到了慰藉，即尽管货币政策收紧但经济避免了衰退。

The conditions of these loans included the institution's perennial demands for austerity and tighter monetary policies – even though none of these governments had run significant deficits, nor seen much inflation in their economies in the run-up to the crisis.

尽管在金融危机爆发前，这些国家的政府都没有出现过巨额赤字，也没有出现过严重的经济通胀，但是，获得这些贷款的条件仍涉及该机构对收缩及紧缩货币政策的长期要求。