晶体闸流管（英语：Thyristor），简称晶闸管，指的是具有四层交错P、N层的半导体设备。最早出现与主要的一种是硅控整流器（Silicon Controlled Rectifier，SCR），中国大陆通常简称可控硅，又称半导体控制整流器，是一种具有三个PN结的功率型半导体器件，为第一代半导体电力电子器件的代表。晶闸管的特点是具有可控的单向导电，即与一般的二极管相比，可以对导通电流进行控制。晶闸管具有以小电流（电压）控制大电流（电压）作用，并体积小、轻、功耗低、效率高、开关迅速等优点，广泛用于无触点开关、可控整流、逆变、调光、调压、调速等方面。

A thyristor is a solid-state semiconductor device with four layers of alternating N and P-type material. It acts exclusively as a bistable switch, conducting when the gate receives a current trigger, and continuing to conduct while the voltage across the device is not reversed (forward-biased). A three-lead thyristor is designed to control the larger current of its two leads by combining that current with the smaller current of its other lead, known as its control lead. In contrast, a two-lead thyristor is designed to switch on if the potential difference between its leads is sufficiently large (breakdown voltage).