热力学循环是一系列传递热量并做功的热力学过程组成的集合，通过压强、温度等状态变量的变化，最终使热力学系统回到初始状态。状态量只依赖于热力学状态，沿热力学循环路径对此类物理量的路径积分结果为零；而像热量和功这样的过程量与循环过程有关，路径积分不为零。热力学第一定律指出在一个循环中输入的净热量总等于输出的净功。过程可重复的特性使得系统能够被连续操作，从而热力学循环是热力学中一个很重要的概念。在实际应用中，热力学循环经常被看作是一个准静态过程并被当作实际热机和热泵的工作模型。

在P－V图上热力学循环可表示为一个闭合曲线，P－V图的Y轴表示压强，X轴表示体积，则闭合曲线所包围的面积等于过程所做的功：

A thermodynamic cycle consists of a linked sequence of thermodynamic processes that involve transfer of heat and work into and out of the system, while varying pressure, temperature, and other state variables within the system, and that eventually returns the system to its initial state. In the process of passing through a cycle, the working fluid (system) may convert heat from a warm source into useful work, and dispose of the remaining heat to a cold sink, thereby acting as a heat engine. Conversely, the cycle may be reversed and use work to move heat from a cold source and transfer it to a warm sink thereby acting as a heat pump.