The outer membrane is the dura mater, which forms the meningeal folds, such as falx cerebri and tentorium.

最外层的硬脑膜可以形成脑膜折叠结构，比如大脑镰和小脑幕。

There's also the tentorium which located in the back of our skull, that separates the cerebrum from the cerebellum.

小脑幕在颅骨后面，将端脑和小脑分开。

In upward herniation, there's a displacement of the cerebellum upward, through a notch in the tentorium cerebelli.

在小脑幕切迹上疝中，小脑经过小脑幕切迹向上疝出。

There can be a supratentorial herniation where the cerebrum is pushed against the skull or the tentorium.

可能形成幕上脑疝：包括大脑被压迫挤压颅骨或是小脑。

In this, the innermost part of the temporal lobe, called the uncus, slips down towards the tentorium, and puts pressure on the brainstem.

颞叶钩回，即颞叶最内侧的结构，被向下推向小脑幕，对脑干造成压力。

The free edge of the tentorium is in close contact with the brainstem, which is the region that connects the brain and the spinal cord.

小脑幕的游离缘与脑干紧密接触；脑干是连接大脑和脊髓的区域。

Supratentorial herniation refers to displacement of the cerebrum which is above the tentorium, and infratentorial herniation refers to herniation of the cerebellum which is below the tentorium.

幕上脑疝指的是小脑幕上大脑的移位，而幕下脑疝指的是小脑幕下小脑的移位。

The second type of supratentorial herniation is central herniation, and that's when the diencephalon and parts of the temporal lobes slip under the free edge of the tentorium.

第二种幕上脑疝叫做中央疝，即间脑和部分颞叶被推入小脑幕游离下缘。

First off, there's the cerebral cortex which is the part of the brain that's supratentorial or above the tentorium, and the cerebellum, which is infratentorial or below the tentorium.

首先是大脑皮层，在脑幕上方，然后是小脑，在脑幕下方。

Now the uncus isn't only directly compressing the right side of the brainstem, but indirectly, it's also pushing the left side of the brainstem against the free edge of the tentorium forming what's called a Kernohan's notch.

这时钩回不止会直接压迫脑干右侧，同样也会间接压迫脑干的左侧部位，将其推向小脑幕的游离缘，形成Kernohan切迹。