Tarantism

Tarantism is a form of hysteric behaviour, popularly believed to result from the bite of the wolf spider Lycosa tarantula (distinct from the broad class of spiders also called tarantulas). A better candidate cause (as the bite of Lycosa tarantula is not in fact capable of producing significant ill-effects) is Latrodectus tredecimguttatus, commonly known as the Mediterranean black widow or steppe spider, although no link between such bites and the behaviour of tarantism has ever been demonstrated.
However, the term historically is used to refer to a dancing mania - characteristic of Southern Italy - which likely had little to do with spider bites.