供应链管理（Supply Chain Management，SCM）在1985年由迈克尔·波特（Michael E. Porter）提出，有多种不同的定义。

供应链管理作为一个策略概念，以相应的信息系统电脑管理技术，将从原料材料采购直到销售给最终客户民众的全部企业活动集成在一个无缝接续流程中。

供应链管理包括了对物料（产品）流动，信息流动，和资金流动的管理，是企业运营管理中的重要组成成分。供应链管理一般包括：物流管理，采购和供应链计划，以及相关的信息分析与财务管理。经济全球化的大背景扩充了供应链管理内容和范围：国际物流（Global Logistics），生产外包（Outsourcing），战略采购（Strategic Sourcing），供应链协作（CPFR、S&OP）等得到了较大发展。而供应链管理也不再是只关注于企业内部的运营，而是整个产业和价值链条在全球市场上的运作，以及相关的风险管理（Risk Management）和可持续性（Sustainability）。

Supply chain management (SCM) is the management of the flow of goods and services. It includes the movement and storage of raw materials, work-in-process inventory, and finished goods from point of origin to point of consumption. Interconnected or interlinked networks, channels and node businesses are involved in the provision of products and services required by end customers in a supply chain. Supply chain management has been defined as the "design, planning, execution, control, and monitoring of supply chain activities with the objective of creating net value, building a competitive infrastructure, leveraging worldwide logistics, synchronizing supply with demand and measuring performance globally."