Superconducting tunnel junction

Image of a Josephson voltage standard chip containing approximately 300,000 microfabricated Josephson junctions. Image credit: NIST.

Energy diagram of a superconducting tunnel junction. The vertical axis is energy, and the horizontal axis shows the density of states. Cooper pairs exist at the Fermi energy, indicated by the dashed lines. A bias voltage V is applied across the junction, shifting the Fermi energies of the two superconductors relative to each other by an energy eV, where e is the electron charge. Quasiparticle states exist for energies greater than Δ from the Fermi energy, where Δ is the superconducting energy gap. Green and blue indicate empty and filled quasiparticle states, respectively, at zero temperature.

Sketch of the current-voltage (I-V) curve of a superconducting tunnel junction. The Cooper pair tunneling current is seen at V = 0, while the quasiparticle tunneling current is seen for V > 2Δ/e and V < -2Δ/e.

The superconducting tunnel junction (STJ) — also known as a superconductor–insulator–superconductor tunnel junction (SIS) — is an electronic device consisting of two superconductors separated by a very thin layer of insulating material. Current passes through the junction via the process of quantum tunneling. The STJ is a type of Josephson junction, though not all the properties of the STJ are described by the Josephson effect.

单词	Superconducting tunnel junction
释义	Superconducting tunnel junction 英语百科 Superconducting tunnel junction The superconducting tunnel junction (STJ) — also known as a superconductor–insulator–superconductor tunnel junction (SIS) — is an electronic device consisting of two superconductors separated by a very thin layer of insulating material. Current passes through the junction via the process of quantum tunneling. The STJ is a type of Josephson junction, though not all the properties of the STJ are described by the Josephson effect.
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