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单词 Struggle for life
释义

Struggle for life

原声例句
物种起源

Struggle for Life Most Severe between Iindividuals and Varieties of the Same Species.

同一物种的个体与变种之间的生存斗争最为激烈。

修道士(下)

She ceased to struggle for life.

她不再为生活而奋斗。

英国原版语文第四册

The black forms of the horses and their riders were seen for an instant struggling for life, and then they disappeared for ever.

能看到黝黑的战马和他们的骑手为生命挣扎的一瞬,随后他们就永远的消失了。

物种起源

All these results, as we shall more fully see in the next chapter, follow from the struggle for life.

正如我们将在下一章中更全面地看到的那样, 都是为生存而奋斗的结果。

物种起源

When we reach the Arctic regions, or snow-capped summits, or absolute deserts, the struggle for life is almost exclusively with the elements.

当我们到达北极地区、白雪皑皑的山峰或绝对的沙漠时, 生存的斗争几乎完全是与自然环境的斗争。

物种起源

Under nature, the slightest differences of structure or constitution may well turn the nicely-balanced scale in the struggle for life, and so be preserved.

在自然界中, 结构或体质的最细微差异很可能会改变生命斗争中的平衡天平, 从而得以保存下来。

四季随笔

Hateful as is the struggle for life in every form, this rough-and-tumble of the literary arena seems to me sordid and degrading beyond all others.

尽管各种形式的为生活而斗争都是可恶的, 但在我看来, 文学舞台上的这种喧嚣是肮脏和可耻的。

复活

The principal difficulty consisted in finding an answer to the principal question, which was: What should be done with those who became brutalized in the struggle for life?

主要的困难在于找到一个主要问题的答案,这个问题是:对于那些在生存斗争中遭受残酷对待的人应该怎么办?

还乡

The only sign upon him of his recent struggle for life was in his fingertips, which were worn and sacrificed in his dying endeavours to obtain a hold on the face of the weir-wall.

他刚才挣扎活命的唯一痕迹留在了指尖上,垂死之际,他拼命想抓住护岸墙,把指尖给抓破了。

物种起源

But a plant on the edge of a desert is said to struggle for life against the drought, though more properly it should be said to be dependent on the moisture.

但是据说沙漠边缘的植物在干旱中挣扎求生, 尽管更恰当地说它应该依赖水分。

物种起源

Nothing is easier than to admit in words the truth of the universal struggle for life, or more difficult—at least I found it so—than constantly to bear this conclusion in mind.

没有什么比用语言承认普遍为生存而斗争的真理更容易的了, 或者比不断牢记这个结论更困难的——至少我发现如此。

物种起源

When a species, owing to highly favourable circumstances, increases inordinately in numbers in a small tract, epidemics—at least, this seems generally to occur with our game animals—often ensue; and here we have a limiting check independent of the struggle for life.

当一个物种, 由于非常有利的环境, 在一个小范围内数量过度增加时,流行病——至少, 这似乎通常发生在我们的猎物身上——经常随之而来;在这里,我们有一个独立于生存斗争的限制性检查。

中文百科

自然选择 Natural selection

(重定向自Struggle for life)
加拉巴哥群岛(Galápagos Islands)拥有13个雀鸟物种(Darwin's finches),他们相当亲近,主要的特征差异在于鸟喙的形状。不同种类的鸟喙皆与合适于牠们的食性。达尔文认为,这是自然选择造成的演化后果。
定向选择、平衡选择和破坏选择。横轴是性状,纵轴是个体数量。红线代表原本的性状分布,蓝色是选择后的结果。

自然选择英语:natural selection,传统上也译为天择)指生物的遗传特征在生存竞争中,由于具有某种优势或某种劣势,因而在生存能力上产生差异,并进而导致繁殖能力的差异,使得这些特征被保存或是淘汰。自然选择则是演化的主要机制,经过自然选择而能够称成功生存,称为「适应」。自然选择是唯一可以解释生物适应环境的机制。

这个理论最早是由达尔文在1859年出版的《物种起源》中提出,其于早年在加拉巴哥群岛观察了数种动物后发现,岛上很少有与邻近大陆相似的物种,并且还演化出许多独有物种,如巨型的加拉巴哥群岛陆龟,达尔文于开始以为,岛上的燕雀科鸟类应与南美洲发现的为同种,经研究,十三种燕雀中只有一种是与其大陆近亲类似的,其余皆或多或少发生了演化现象,他们为了适应岛上的生存环境,改变了鸟喙的大小 。

英语百科

Natural selection 自然选择

(重定向自Struggle for life)
Morpha typica and morpha carbonaria, morphs of the peppered moth resting on the same tree. The light-coloured morpha typica (below the bark's scar) is hard to see on this pollution-free tree, camouflaging it from predators.
Charles Darwin's illustrations of beak variation in the finches of the Galápagos Islands, which hold 13 closely related species that differ most markedly in the shape of their beaks. The beak of each species is suited to its preferred food, suggesting that beak shapes evolved by natural selection.
These charts depict the different types of genetic selection. On each graph, the x-axis variable is the type of phenotypic trait and the y-axis variable is the amount of organisms. Group A is the original population and Group B is the population after selection. Graph 1 shows directional selection, in which a single extreme phenotype is favored. Graph 2 depicts stabilizing selection, where the intermediate phenotype is favored over the extreme traits. Graph 3 shows disruptive selection, in which the extreme phenotypes are favored over the intermediate.

Natural selection is the differential survival and reproduction of individuals due to differences in phenotype. It is a key mechanism of evolution, the change in heritable traits of a population over time. Charles Darwin popularised the term "natural selection"; he compared it with artificial selection (selective breeding).

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更新时间:2025/6/24 11:07:34