结构功能主义

结构功能主义（英语：Structural functionalism），通常被简称为功能主义（Functionalism）、功能学派，是一个社会学流派。它把社会看成一个具有一定结构和组织化手段的系统，各社会组织有序的关联系统，并对社会整体发挥有效功能。强调集成的作用，忽视冲突。功能论指出，所有社会现象－－不管这现象看来是多么不道德、多荒谬、多邪恶、多不应该存在－－只要它确实存在，那么这种社会现象在社会中必然扮演着某种社会功能，比方说贿选、强奸、黑市交易等。而功能论的研究目标，就是寻找这些表象底层所代表的社会功能到底是什么，进而寻找完成相同社会功能更有效合理的替代方法。

Structural functionalism 结构功能主义

Structural functionalism, or simply functionalism, is a framework for building theory that sees society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability. This approach looks at society through a macro-level orientation, which is a broad focus on the social structures that shape society as a whole, and believes that society has evolved like organisms. This approach looks at both social structure and social functions. Functionalism addresses society as a whole in terms of the function of its constituent elements; namely norms, customs, traditions, and institutions. A common analogy, popularized by Herbert Spencer, presents these parts of society as "organs" that work toward the proper functioning of the "body" as a whole. In the most basic terms, it simply emphasizes "the effort to impute, as rigorously as possible, to each feature, custom, or practice, its effect on the functioning of a supposedly stable, cohesive system". For Talcott Parsons, "structural-functionalism" came to describe a particular stage in the methodological development of social science, rather than a specific school of thought. The structural functionalism approach is a macrosociological analysis, with a broad focus on social structures that shape society as a whole.

单词	Structural functionalism
释义	Structural functionalism 原声例句社会学 Crash Course And this brings us to one of the problems with structural functionalism. 这里我们要指出结构功能论的一个缺陷。社会学 Crash Course Structural functionalism focuses on how large structures fit together, and conflict theory looks at how society defines sources of inequality and conflict. 结构功能论聚焦于社会结构的协调整合，社会冲突论着眼于社会不公和冲突的根源。社会学 Crash Course Let’s start with structural functionalism, which originated with a French sociologist named Emile Durkheim. 我们先从结构功能论说起，结构功能论源于法国社会学家艾弥尔·涂尔干。社会学 Crash Course We talked about structural functionalism and how deviance can fulfill a function in society. 我们讨论了结构功能主义以及越轨行为如何在社会中发挥作用。社会学 Crash Course Ultimately, structural functionalism, symbolic interactionism, and conflict theory all give us useful tools for understanding deviance. 最终，结构功能主义、符号互动主义和冲突理论都为我们提供了理解偏差的有用工具。社会学 Crash Course And, as you might expect, structural functionalism, symbolic interactionism, and conflict theories each offer a different perspective on the matter. 而且，正如您所预料的那样，结构功能主义、符号互动主义和冲突理论各自对这个问题提供了不同的视角。社会学 Crash Course As you might expect by this point, structural functionalism looks at how formal education helps keep a society running smoothly. 正如您此时可能预料的那样，结构功能主义着眼于正规教育如何帮助保持社会平稳运行。社会学 Crash Course In contrast to structural functionalism, conflict theories imagine society as being composed of different groups that struggle over scarce resources – like power, money, land, food, or status. 与结构功能论不同，社会冲突论将社会看作各个不同利益体的组合。这些利益体互相争夺稀缺资源，比如权力，金钱，土地，食物，或地位。社会学 Crash Course In addition to defining the Sacred and the profane, Emile Durkheim also looked at religion through the lens of structural functionalism. 除了定义神圣与世俗之外，埃米尔·涂尔干还通过结构功能主义的视角来看待宗教。社会学 Crash Course Structural functionalism sees gender as a way of organizing society and emphasizes the ways that men and women can act as complements to each other. 结构功能主义将性别视为组织社会的一种方式，并强调男性和女性可以互补的方式。社会学 Crash Course And as our society becomes more global, the questions raised by two of our camps of sociology, structural functionalism and conflict theory, become even more pressing. 随着我们的社会变得更加全球化，我们社会学的两个阵营——结构功能主义和冲突理论——提出的问题变得更加紧迫。社会学 Crash Course Now that we understand a little more about the different scales that sociology works on, we can turn to its main theoretical paradigms, of which there are three: There’s structural functionalism, conflict theory, and symbolic interactionism. 现在，理解了社会学研究中的宏观和微观层面，我们可以来说说社会学中最主要的三个理论模型了：它们是结构功能论，社会冲突论，和符号互动论。中文百科结构功能主义结构功能主义（英语：Structural functionalism），通常被简称为功能主义（Functionalism）、功能学派，是一个社会学流派。它把社会看成一个具有一定结构和组织化手段的系统，各社会组织有序的关联系统，并对社会整体发挥有效功能。强调集成的作用，忽视冲突。功能论指出，所有社会现象－－不管这现象看来是多么不道德、多荒谬、多邪恶、多不应该存在－－只要它确实存在，那么这种社会现象在社会中必然扮演着某种社会功能，比方说贿选、强奸、黑市交易等。而功能论的研究目标，就是寻找这些表象底层所代表的社会功能到底是什么，进而寻找完成相同社会功能更有效合理的替代方法。英语百科 Structural functionalism 结构功能主义 Structural functionalism, or simply functionalism, is a framework for building theory that sees society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability. This approach looks at society through a macro-level orientation, which is a broad focus on the social structures that shape society as a whole, and believes that society has evolved like organisms. This approach looks at both social structure and social functions. Functionalism addresses society as a whole in terms of the function of its constituent elements; namely norms, customs, traditions, and institutions. A common analogy, popularized by Herbert Spencer, presents these parts of society as "organs" that work toward the proper functioning of the "body" as a whole. In the most basic terms, it simply emphasizes "the effort to impute, as rigorously as possible, to each feature, custom, or practice, its effect on the functioning of a supposedly stable, cohesive system". For Talcott Parsons, "structural-functionalism" came to describe a particular stage in the methodological development of social science, rather than a specific school of thought. The structural functionalism approach is a macrosociological analysis, with a broad focus on social structures that shape society as a whole.
随便看	Unipol的意思 unipolar的意思 unipolar affective disorder的意思 unipolar affective psychosis的意思 unipolar analog signal的意思 unipolar antenna的意思 unipolar arc的意思 unipolar armature的意思 unipolar bipolar的意思 unipolar cell的意思 Unipolar cells的意思 unipolar chest lead的意思 unipolar clutch的意思 unipolar conduction的意思 unipolar conductivity的意思 unipolar demand pacemaker的意思 Unipolar depression的意思 Unipolar Depressions的意思 unipolar device的意思 unipolar diode的意思 Unipolar disorder的意思 unipolar disorders的意思 unipolar division的意思 unipolar dynamo的意思 unipolar electrical charge的意思