Common bacterial causes include Group A streptococcus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, or Haemophilus influenzae.

常见的致病细菌包括A组链球菌、铜绿假单胞菌、流感嗜血杆菌。

The vast majority of these are caused by the streptococcus pneumoniae.

其中绝大部分是由肺炎链球菌引起的。

In adults, bacterial causes include streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, and staphylococcus aureus.

成人细菌性肺炎的病因包括肺炎链球菌、流感嗜血杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌。

In children and teens, the most common causes are Neisseria meningitidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae.

在儿童和青少年中，最常见病因是脑膜炎奈瑟氏菌和肺炎链球菌。

This doesn't happen with urease negative Gram-positive cocci, like Streptococcus pneumoniae or Enterococcus faecalis.

这一现象在脲酶阴性的革兰氏阳性细菌中就不会发生，如肺炎链球菌或粪肠球菌。

In adults and the elderly, the most common causes are Streptococcus pneumoniae and Listeria monocytogenes.

在成年人和老年人中，最常见的病因是肺炎链球菌与单核细胞增多性李斯特菌等。

Finally, children with sickle cell typically get prophylaxis with penicillin and an additional polysaccharide vaccine against Streptococcus pneumoniae to help prevent sepsis and meningitis with encapsulated bacteria.

最后，镰状细胞病儿童通常会预防性使用青霉素以及其它多糖疫苗，以对抗肺炎链球菌，有助于预防荚膜菌引发的败血症和脑膜炎。

Having an absent or non-functional spleen means a person is susceptible to encapsulated bacteria - like Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Neisseria meningitidis, and Salmonella species - since encapsulated bacteria are normally opsonized and then phagocytized by macrophages in the spleen.

无脾或脾功能丧失使人容易感染荚膜菌，例如肺炎链球菌、流感嗜血杆菌、脑膜炎奈瑟菌与沙门氏菌，因为荚膜菌通常被脾脏中的巨噬细胞调理并吞噬。