视网膜神经纤维层（英文：Retinal nerve fiber layer, RNFL）由视神经纤维延伸而成，在视孔附近最厚，向锯齿缘方向渐渐变薄。

视神经纤维穿过筛板后失去髓鞘，继续穿过脉络膜、视网膜，变成单纯的轴索。

神经纤维到达视网膜内表面后，从入口处发散，集结成束状分布整个表面，并在多处形成丛状结构。

大多数纤维为向心分布，是神经节细胞层的细胞的轴索直接延续，但也有少部分是离心

分布，并在内丛状层和内核层交错分叉，末端增大。

The retinal nerve fiber layer (nerve fiber layer, stratum opticum, RNFL) is formed by the expansion of the fibers of the optic nerve; it is thickest near the porus opticus, gradually diminishing toward the ora serrata.

As the nerve fibers pass through the lamina cribrosa sclerae they lose their medullary sheaths and are continued onward through the choroid and retina as simple axis-cylinders.