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单词 Stellar evolution
释义

Stellar evolution

原声例句
Crash Course 天文篇

We learn even more about stellar evolution by studying how stars die.

通过研究恒星的死亡,我们对恒星的演化有了更多的了解。

生活大爆炸 第3季

Professor Laughlin is looking for someone to join the stellar evolution research team.

拉夫林教授正招募人员加入恒星进化科研小组。

中文百科

恒星演化

恒星的寿命和质量的关联性。
类太阳恒星的生命循环。
艺术家描述的类太阳恒星的生命周期。从左下角的主序星开始,然后膨胀经过次巨星和巨星的阶段,直到在右上角将外层抛离,形成行星状星云。
恒星演化的简图。

恒星演化是恒星在生命过程中所经历急遽变化的串行。恒星依据质量,一生的范围从质量最大的恒星只有几百万年,到质量最小的恒星比宇宙年龄还要长的数兆年。右方的表显示质量和恒星寿命的关联性。所有的恒星都从通常被称为星云或分子云的气体和尘埃坍缩中诞生。在几百万年的过程中,原恒星达到平衡的状态,安顿下来成为所谓的主序星。

恒星大部分的生命期都在以核融合产生能量的状态。最初,主序星在核心将氢融合成氦来产生能量,然后,氦原子核在核心中占了优势。像太阳这样的恒星会从核心开始以一层一层的球壳将氢融合成氦。这个过程会使恒星的大小逐渐增加,通过次巨星的阶段,直到达到红巨星的状态。质量不少于太阳一半的恒星也可以经由将核心的氢融合成氦来产生能量,质量更重的恒星可以依序以同心圆产生质量更重的元素。像太阳这样的恒星用尽了核心的燃料之后,其核心会塌缩成为致密的白矮星,并且外层会被驱离成为行星状星云。质量大约是太阳的10倍或更重的恒星,在它缺乏活力的铁核塌缩成为密度非常高的中子星或黑洞时会爆炸成为超新星。虽然宇宙的年龄还不足以让质量最低的红矮星演化到它们生命的尾端,恒星模型认为它们在耗尽核心的氢燃料前会逐渐变亮和变热,然后成为低质量的白矮星。

英语百科

Stellar evolution 恒星演化

Representative lifetimes of stars as a function of their masses
The life cycle of a Sun-like star.
Artist's depiction of the life cycle of a Sun-like star, starting as a main-sequence star at lower left then expanding through the subgiant and giant phases, until its outer envelope is expelled to form a planetary nebula at upper right.
Schematic of stellar evolution.

Stellar evolution is the process by which a star changes during its lifetime. Depending on the mass of the star, this lifetime ranges from a few million years for the most massive to trillions of years for the least massive, which is considerably longer than the age of the universe. The table shows the lifetimes of stars as a function of their masses. All stars are born from collapsing clouds of gas and dust, often called nebulae or molecular clouds. Over the course of millions of years, these protostars settle down into a state of equilibrium, becoming what is known as a main-sequence star.

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更新时间:2025/6/21 10:38:03