The cell's membrane collapses and those spike proteins crumble.

于是病毒的膜坍塌了，突起蛋白也随之破碎失活。

He said the current vaccines are designed to work against one spike protein on the coronavirus.

他说，现有疫苗旨在对抗新冠病毒的一种刺突蛋白。

It's essentially just a genetic code for a portion of the virus, this portion, the spike protein.

它只是病毒中携带遗传密码的一部分，这部分叫作纤突蛋白。

That's thanks to all of those mutations on the receptor binding domain of the spike protein.

这是由于刺突蛋白受体结合域上发生的所有突变。

The team is collecting blood samples to see whether the alpaca can develop antibodies against the spike protein.

研究小组正在收集血液样本，以观察它是否能产生对抗刺突蛋白的抗体。

Now, thirty of those changes are arrayed along the spike protein, which the virus uses to infect cells.

这些突变中30个位于刺突蛋白上，而病毒用刺突蛋白感染细胞。

The spike protein is the part of the virus that attaches to human cells and is targeted by vaccines.

刺突蛋白是病毒附着于人体细胞上的部分，它是疫苗攻击的对象。

The proteins these T-cells reacted to went beyond the well-known spike protein at the heart of the first-gen shots.

这些T细胞所反应的蛋白质，已经不是初代针剂中众所周知的核心“刺突蛋白”。

The study looked at a change in the so-called " spike" protein that permits the virus to infect human cells.

这项研究着眼于使病毒感染人类细胞的所谓" 刺突" 蛋白的变化。

Omicron has been designated as a " variant of concern" because of the large number of mutations to its spike protein.

奥密克戎已经被称为一个值得关切的变异病毒，因为该病毒的刺突蛋白有大量突变。

So, the spike protein appears to be the key. And that really does bode well for all the other trials, William.

所以，刺突蛋白好像是关键。威廉，这对其他试验来说是个好兆头。

This somewhat sinister moniker is based on the fact that two important mutations can be found in the variant's spike protein.

在这个变异毒株的刺突蛋白中有两个重要的突变。

And the second is that the spike protein acts as a key.

第二个是刺突蛋白充当了一把钥匙。

And the spike protein has two functions.

刺突蛋白有两个功能。

The mutations in the spike protein are definitely concerning because that's the part of the virus most of the vaccines target to produce antibodies.

刺突蛋白内的突变绝对值得关注，因为大部分疫苗是在那里产生抗体的。

Because it's the key the virus uses to enter the human cell, but if you create antibodies to the spike protein, it's then blocked.

因为它是病毒进入人体细胞的钥匙，但是，如果你体内产生了对纤突蛋白的抗体，那么它就会被阻碍。

And there's not only one copy of the spike protein on the virus,but multiple in the range of 20,25,30 spike proteins.

并且病毒上不仅有一个刺突蛋白拷贝，而且在 20、25、30 个刺突蛋白范围内有多个拷贝。

But inactivated vaccines help the body prepare for the virus itself rather than just the single spike protein that lets the virus enter the body.

但是灭活疫苗有助于身体为这种病毒做好准备，而不仅仅是让这种病毒进入体内的单刺突蛋白。

This is because all the vaccines are designed to cause the body to produce antibodies against several parts of the spike protein that covers the virus.

这是因为所有疫苗都旨在使人体产生抗体，对抗覆盖病毒的刺突蛋白的几个部位。

And, really, for the spike protein, what that means is, which part of this do you want to hit with an antibody to shut the virus down?

其实，对于纤突蛋白，这意味着，你想用抗体来打击病毒的哪一部分？