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单词 Specification bias
释义

Specification bias

中文百科

区群谬误 Ecological fallacy

(重定向自Specification bias)

区群谬误Ecological fallacy),又称生态谬误层次谬误,是一种在分析统计数据时常犯的错误。和以偏概全相反,区群谬误是一种以全概偏,如果仅基于群体的统计数据就对其下属的个体性质作出推论,就是犯上区群谬误。这谬误假设了群体中的所有个体都有群体的性质(因此塑型(Sterotypes)也可能犯上区群谬误)。区群谬误的相反情况为化约主义(Reductionism)。

英语百科

Ecological fallacy 区群谬误

(重定向自Specification bias)

An ecological fallacy (or ecological inference fallacy) is a logical fallacy in the interpretation of statistical data where inferences about the nature of individuals are deduced from inference for the group to which those individuals belong. Ecological fallacy sometimes refers to the fallacy of division which is not a statistical issue. The four common statistical ecological fallacies are: confusion between ecological correlations and individual correlations, confusion between group average and total average, Simpson's paradox, and confusion between higher average and higher likelihood.

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更新时间:2025/6/23 4:19:04