Spatial organization

Spatial patterns exhibited by ants (Temnothorax rugatulus) can be determined after each individual is painted with a distinguishing mark.

The dominant paper wasp (Polistes flavus) remains in the center of the nest while subordinate wasps are often at the edge or off the nest.

Bumble bees, Bombus impatiens individually marked with plastic number tags

Spatial organization can be observed when components of an abiotic or biological group are arranged non-randomly in space. Abiotic patterns, such as the ripple formations in sand dunes or the oscillating wave patterns of the Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction emerge after thousands of particles interact millions of times. On the other hand, individuals in biological groups may be arranged non-randomly due to selfish behavior, dominance interactions, or cooperative behavior. W. D. Hamilton (1971) proposed that in a non-related "herd" of animals, spatial organization is likely a result of the selfish interests of individuals trying to acquire food or avoid predation. On the other hand, spatial arrangements have also been observed among highly related members of eusocial groups, suggesting that the arrangement of individuals may provide some advantage for the group.

单词	Spatial organization
释义	Spatial organization 英语百科 Spatial organization Spatial organization can be observed when components of an abiotic or biological group are arranged non-randomly in space. Abiotic patterns, such as the ripple formations in sand dunes or the oscillating wave patterns of the Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction emerge after thousands of particles interact millions of times. On the other hand, individuals in biological groups may be arranged non-randomly due to selfish behavior, dominance interactions, or cooperative behavior. W. D. Hamilton (1971) proposed that in a non-related "herd" of animals, spatial organization is likely a result of the selfish interests of individuals trying to acquire food or avoid predation. On the other hand, spatial arrangements have also been observed among highly related members of eusocial groups, suggesting that the arrangement of individuals may provide some advantage for the group.
随便看	cholesterol monohydrate crystal的意思 Cholesterol Monooxygenase的意思 Cholesterol monooxygenase side chain cleaving的意思 cholesterol of red blood cell的意思 cholesterololeate的意思 cholesterolooleate的意思 cholesterolopoiesis的意思 cholesterolosis的意思 cholesterolosis bulbi的意思 Cholesterolosis of gallbladder的意思 Cholesterolosis of middle ear的意思 Cholesterol oxidase的意思 cholesterol palmitate的意思 cholesterol pericarditis的意思 cholesterol peritonitis的意思 cholesterol phospholipid ratio的意思 cholesterol pleural effusion的意思 cholesterol pleurisy的意思 Cholesterol pneumonia的意思 cholesterol pneumonitis的意思 Cholesterol polyp的意思 Cholesterol,Prebetalipoprotein的意思 cholesterol reagent strips的意思 Cholesterol Regulating Agents的意思 cholesterol的意思