1914年坦能堡会战，又称为坦嫩贝格战役，是第一次世界大战东部战线的一次战役。这次战役是在1914年8月17日至9月2日爆发的。

在1914年8月17日，俄罗斯第一和第二集团军侵入东普鲁士，向首府哥尼斯堡进发。俄军成功地进入德国，直到德国第八集团军在8月20日反击。德军设计了一个陷阱，让由南向上的俄国第二集团军提前进入德国，随后德军从该集团军两翼实施钳形攻势并将其主力围歼，俄第二集团军司令员萨姆索诺夫兵败自杀。在9月2日，俄军放弃了整个任务。俄军从坦能堡会战后，没有再向德国领土进攻。

虽然德军在坦能堡会战得胜，但德军原先并没有料到俄罗斯会在8月中开战，因此德军用了两支部队来抵抗俄军，造成德军的资源被分散，而影响在西线对英法联军的战事。

The Battle of Tannenberg was fought between Russia and Germany from 26-30 August 1914, during the first month of World War I. The battle resulted in the almost complete destruction of the Russian Second Army and the suicide of its commanding general, Alexander Samsonov. A series of follow-up battles (First Masurian Lakes) destroyed most of the First Army as well and kept the Russians off balance until the spring of 1915. The battle is particularly notable for fast rail movements by the Germans, enabling them to concentrate against each of the two Russian armies in turn, and also for the failure of the Russians to encode their radio messages. It brought high prestige to Field Marshal Paul von Hindenburg and his rising staff-officer Erich Ludendorff.