耶路撒冷、罗得岛和马尔他圣约翰主权军事医院骑士团（意大利语：Sovrano Militare Ordine Ospedaliero di San Giovanni di Gerusalemme di Rodi e di Malta），俗称马尔他骑士团或马耳他主权骑士团。马耳他骑士团的前身为成立于第一次十字军东征之后的一个军事组织——医院骑士团，为三大骑士团之一。该组织成立的最初目的为保护本笃会在耶路撒冷的医护设施。该组织名称来源于施洗约翰，其国家形式「位于」罗马孔多迪大街68号，一幢占地1.2万平方米的大厦马尔他宫里。

The Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of Saint John of Jerusalem of Rhodes and of Malta (Latin:Supremus Ordo Militaris Hospitalis Sancti Ioannis Hierosolymitani Rhodius et Melitensis), also known as the Sovereign Military Order of Malta (SMOM) or Order of Malta, is a Catholic lay religious order traditionally of military, chivalrous and noble nature, founded as the Knights Hospitaller circa 1099 in Jerusalem, Kingdom of Jerusalem, by Gerard Thom, as the world's oldest surviving chivalric order. Headquartered in Palazzo Malta in Rome, widely considered a sovereign subject of international law, its mission is summed up in its motto: "Tuitio Fidei et Obsequium Pauperum"; protecting the Catholic Church and serving those in need.