溶剂壳
在物理化学中，溶剂壳（Solvation shell）为一种用来描述溶剂化的结构。溶剂壳为一种任何化学物质像溶剂一样，围绕着溶质物质的现象。当溶剂为水时，所形成似壳的现象，通常会被称为水合壳或水合球。
典型的例子为，当水分子形成壳状，围绕在金属离子附近时，水中带有电负度的氧原子以电负度被吸引到金属离子上。这就是造成水分子环绕在金属离子的周围的原因。根据离子的电荷，可造成不同分子厚度的壳状物。
Solvation shell
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Solvation shell 溶剂壳
A solvation shell is a shell of any chemical species that acts as a solvent and surrounds a solute species. When the solvent is water it is often referred to as a hydration shell or hydration sphere.
A classic example is when water molecules form a sphere around a metal ion. The electronegative oxygen atom contained in the water molecule is attracted electrostatically to the positive charge on the metal ion. The result is a solvation shell of water molecules that surround the ion. This shell can be several molecules thick, dependent upon the charge of the ion.