苏格拉底反诘法（或作苏格拉底法，英语:Socratic method、method of elenchus、elenctic method或Socratic debate)）实质上是一种质问的辩证法，广泛地用在验证主要道德观念上。柏拉图在苏格拉底对话中首次描述这种办法。因为这种反诘法，苏格拉底被视为西方伦理道德哲学之父。

这是一种哲学质询的形式。通常有两个人在对话，其中一个带领整个讨论，另一个因为同意或否定另一人而提出一些假定。苏格拉底被视为这种反诘法的先驱。

苏格拉底方法包括讽刺（不断提出问题使对方陷入矛盾之中，并迫使其承认自己的无知）、催生（启发、引导学生，使学生通过自己的思考，得出结论）、归纳和定义（使学生逐步掌握明确的定义和概念）等步骤。由于苏格拉底把教师比喻为「知识的产婆」，因此，「苏格拉底方法」也被人们称为是「催生法」。

Socratic method, also known as maieutics, method of elenchus, elenctic method, or Socratic debate, is named after the classical Greek philosopher Socrates. Elenchus is a form of cooperative argumentative dialogue between individuals, based on asking and answering questions to stimulate critical thinking and to draw out ideas and underlying presumptions. It is a dialectical method, often involving a discussion in which the defense of one point of view is questioned; one participant may lead another to contradict themselves in some way, thus weakening the defender's point. This method is introduced by Socrates in Plato's Theaetetus as midwifery (maieutics) because it is employed to bring out definitions implicit in the interlocutors' beliefs, or to help them further their understanding.