社会一词并没有太正式明确的定义，一般是指由自我繁殖的个体构建而成的群体，占据一定的空间，具有其独特的文化和风俗习惯。由于社会通常被认为是人类所组成的，所以社会和人类社会一般具有相同的含意。在科学研究和科幻小说等等里面，有时亦可作“外星人社会”。狭义的社会，也叫“社区”，可以只指群体人类活动和聚居的范围，例如是：乡、村、镇、城市、聚居点等等；广义的社会则可以指一个国家、一个大范围地区或一个文化圈，例如是英国社会、东方社会、东南亚或西方世界，均可作为社会的广义解释，也可以引申为他们的文化习俗。以人类社会为研究对象的学科叫做社会学。

A society is a group of people involved in persistent social interaction, or a large social grouping sharing the same geographical or social territory, typically subject to the same political authority and dominant cultural expectations. Societies are characterized by patterns of relationships (social relations) between individuals who share a distinctive culture and institutions; a given society may be described as the sum total of such relationships among its constituent members. In the social sciences, a larger society often evinces stratification or dominance patterns in subgroups.