This fluid then dries and forms crusts over the skin surface.

这些液体会在皮肤表面变干并结痂。

This moves the blood further from the skin's surface where heat can escape.

这让血液离体表更远，避免热量流失。

The scientists reported that the wet skin surface at the end of a dog's nose is full of nerve endings.

科学家们报告称，狗狗鼻尖的湿皮肤表面布满了神经末梢。

These microbes, which include bacteria and fungi, thrive in the sebum, an oily substance that's secreted onto the skin's surface by sebaceous glands nestled inside the dermis.

包括细菌和真菌的这些微生物，在皮脂内十分活跃，也就是由紧贴在真皮内的皮脂腺分泌到皮肤表面的油性物质。

These microbes, which include bacteria and fungi, thrive in the sebum, an oily substance that’s secreted onto the skin’s surface by sebaceous glands nestled inside the dermis.

这些微生物（包括细菌和真菌）在皮脂中大量繁殖，皮脂是一种油性物质，由位于真皮内的皮脂腺分泌到皮肤表面。

In addition, wearing wet clothes makes heat loss even worse, and wind chill can quickly escalate the situation because it strips away the thin layer of heat on the skin's surface.

此外，穿湿衣服会使体温流失更加严重，寒风会让情况迅速恶化，因为它带走了体表薄薄一层的热量。

If you're too hot, the hypothalamus produces signals that activate your sweat glands or make your blood vessels dilate, moving blood closer to the skin's surface— all of which releases heat and cools you off.

如果你的体温太高了，下丘脑会产生激活汗腺的信号，或者使你的血管扩张，让血液更接近皮肤表面——这些都会释放掉多余的热量，以降低你的体温。