集肤效应（又称趋肤效应或直译作表皮效应，英语：Skin effect）是指导体中有交流电或者交变电磁场时，导体内部的电流分布不均匀的一种现象。随着与导体表面的距离逐渐增加，导体内的电流密度呈指数递减，即导体内的电流会集中在导体的表面。从与电流方向垂直的横切面来看，导体的中心部分几乎没有电流流过，只在导体边缘的部分会有电流。简单而言就是电流集中在导体的“皮肤”部分，所以称为集肤效应。产生这种效应的原因主要是变化的电磁场在导体内部产生了涡旋电场，与原来的电流相抵消。

Skin effect is the tendency of an alternating electric current (AC) to become distributed within a conductor such that the current density is largest near the surface of the conductor, and decreases with greater depths in the conductor. The electric current flows mainly at the "skin" of the conductor, between the outer surface and a level called the skin depth. The skin effect causes the effective resistance of the conductor to increase at higher frequencies where the skin depth is smaller, thus reducing the effective cross-section of the conductor. The skin effect is due to opposing eddy currents induced by the changing magnetic field resulting from the alternating current. At 60 Hz in copper, the skin depth is about 8.5 mm. At high frequencies the skin depth becomes much smaller. Increased AC resistance due to the skin effect can be mitigated by using specially woven litz wire. Because the interior of a large conductor carries so little of the current, tubular conductors such as pipe can be used to save weight and cost.