This is a simple sugar, or monosaccharide.

这是一种结构简单的糖，或者叫单糖。

Now, there is no simple sugar in coffee.

咖啡里没有单糖。

Complex carbohydrates, on the other hand, have three or more simple sugars strung together.

另一方面，复合碳水化合物，是由两种或者三种单糖形成的。

Eating just simple sugars is almost as insignificant to your appetite as drinking water.

只吃糖对你的食欲几乎和喝水一样微不足道。

So simple sugars, whether they're natural or added, are mixtures of monosaccharides or disaccharides.

前述的简单糖类，不管是天然糖还是添加糖，都是单糖与双糖的混合物。

Therefore, it actually burns some calories and doesn't absorb all those simple sugars as rapidly.

因此，它实际上会燃烧掉一些卡路里，并没有迅速吸收所有的单糖。

Now, researchers have figured out how simple sugars wipe out a particular strain of beneficial gut microbes.

现在，研究人员已经知道单糖消灭肠道内一种特殊微生物的方式。

This powers the conversion of carbon dioxide and water into glucose, the simple sugar plants need to grow.

这个过程也使二氧化碳和水转化成了葡萄糖。而葡萄糖就是植物生长不可或缺的简单糖类。

Now, lactose is a dye saccharide sugar, meaning it's composed of two simple sugar building blocks, glucose and galactose.

乳糖是一种染料糖，这意味着它由两个简单的糖块组成，葡萄糖和半乳糖。

Starches don't taste sweet like simple sugars because they don't activate taste buds in the same way.

淀粉尝起来没有单糖的甜味，因为它们激活味蕾的方式不同。