Like low levels of bicarbonate can cause metabolic acidosis with deep and labored breathing called Kussmaul breathing.

低水平的碳酸氢盐会导致代谢性酸中毒，伴随深大呼吸，称为Kussmaul呼吸。

So other things start to build up in the blood as well, like potassium, called hyperkalemia, as well as acids, called metabolic acidosis.

因此其他物质也开始在血液中堆积：比如钾，造成高钾血症；还有酸，引起代谢性酸中毒。

That's called — appropriately — muscle acidosis, and the drop in pH may be part of what causes the famous burn while you're exercising.

这被称为肌肉酸中毒，并且酸碱值下降可能是运动时肌肉燃烧的部分原因。

And, even though sodium bicarbonate can buffer metabolic acidosis, an event that increases muscle breakdown, no research has shown supplementation to improve muscle growth nor preserve muscle.

而且，尽管碳酸氢钠可以缓冲会增加肌肉损伤的代谢性酸中毒，但没有研究表明补充剂可以改善肌肉生长或保护肌肉。

They have a wide anion gap acidosis.

严重的阴离子间隙增高性酸中毒。

If too little carbon dioxide is exhaled as a result of hypoventilation, body fluids tend to become more acid, a condition termed acidosis.

如果由于通气不足而呼出的二氧化碳太少，体液往往会变得更酸，这种情况称为酸中毒。

So in order to help compensate for an acidosis, hydrogen ions enter cells and potassium ions leave the cells and enter the blood, which might help with the acidosis, but results in hyperkalemia.

所以为了代偿酸中毒，氢离子被移入细胞内，而钾离子被移出细胞而进入血中，这一机制缓解了酸中毒，但却导致了高钾血症。

Similarly, when there's a metabolic acidosis from excess organic acids like lactic acid and ketoacids, protons can enter cells with the organic anion rather than having to get exchanged for potassium ions.

相同地，当有机酸如乳酸和酮酸过多，产生代谢性酸中毒时，质子会和有机阴离子一起进入细胞，而不是同钾离子交换。

In the case of health, sodium bicarbonate indeed has a solid track record largely thanks to its metabolic acidosis buffering, aiding the kidneys in acid-base balance and preventing bone mineral loss.

在健康方面， 有记录显示碳酸氢钠确实有助于健康，这在很大程度上归功于它的代谢性酸中毒的缓冲作用，帮助肾脏酸碱平衡，防止骨矿物质流失。

Treatment of a DKA episode involves giving plenty of fluids, which helps with dehydration, insulin which helps lower blood glucose levels, and replacement of electrolytes, like potassium; all of which help to reverse the acidosis.

DKA的治疗包括大量饮水以缓解脱水，使用胰岛素来降低血糖水平，以及补充电解质，如钾；这些都会缓解酸中毒。