Alright, so with membranous glomerulonephritis, the basement membrane becomes damaged which causes nephrotic syndrome.

好，所以在膜性肾小球肾炎中，基底膜受损，可导致肾病综合征。

The pneumocytes and the capillaries are glued together with a protein layer called basement membrane.

肺泡细胞和毛细血管由称为基底膜的蛋白质层粘合在一起。

Over time, in-situ carcinoma can invade the basement membrane to become invasive carcinoma involving the ducts and lobules.

随着时间推移，原位癌可以突破基底膜并变为侵犯导管和小叶的浸润癌。

One way these complexes can form is as a result of autoantibodies directly targeting the glomerular basement membrane.

这些复合物形成的途径之一是自身抗体直接攻击肾小球基膜。

Sitting within that basement membrane, is a ring of cube-shaped basal cells as well as a few neuroendocrine cells interspersed throughout.

基底膜内是一圈围绕成管状的基底细胞和散布的神经内分泌细胞。

This tumor, also called in-situ carcinoma, is initially localized within the basement membrane of the alveoli, and can be of two types.

这时的肿瘤又被叫做原位癌，位于腺泡基底膜内，可分为两种类型。

But some become malignant tumors or cancers, and these are the ones that break through their basement membrane and invade nearby tissues.

但有些变成了恶性肿瘤细胞，即癌细胞：它们穿破基底膜，侵犯邻近组织。

The epithelium of the nephron is made of specialized cells called podocytes which wrap around the basement membrane like the tentacles of an octopus.

肾单位的内皮细胞由特殊的细胞组成，称为足细胞；足细胞足突像章鱼触手一样包裹着基底膜。

In capillaries, the basement membrane can thicken and make it difficult for oxygen to easily move from the capillary to the tissues, causing hypoxia.

在毛细血管中，基底膜会变厚，使氧气不能轻易地从毛细血管穿到组织中，从而造成缺氧。

That's because the rapidly dividing cells can develop additional mutations that eventually make these growths expand beyond the basement membrane and invade neighboring tissues.

这是因为快速分裂的细胞极易发生突变，最终浸润超过基膜，侵入周围组织。

At the microscopic level, each of the tiny glands that make up the prostate is surrounded by a basement membrane made largely of collagen.

显微水平上，组成前列腺的每个小腺体都被主要成分是胶原的基底膜围绕。

As the cancer cells divide they can sometimes gain the ability to penetrate through the basement membrane, and at that point it's considered a malignant tumor.

当癌细胞分裂时，它们有时能获得穿透基底膜的能力，此时便被认为是恶性肿瘤。

Immune complexes, though, might also form outside of the kidney, and then get carried through the bloodstream to the glomerulus and deposit in the basement membrane.

免疫复合物也能来自肾外，从血液循环中流入肾小球，并沉积在基底膜上。

Going deeper past that layer you've got the basement membrane and loose connective tissue, called the lamina propria—which together with the epithelium makes up the mucosa.

更深层由基底膜细胞和疏松结缔组织组成，被称为基底层，它和上皮层一起组成了气道的黏膜层。

So the alveolar wall, the basement membrane, and the capillary wall is really all that separates the air from the blood, and this is called the blood-gas barrier.

所以，肺泡壁、基底膜和毛细血管壁将空气和血液分离，这个结构叫气血屏障。

A malignant tumor is composed of cells that invade the basement membrane and invade or spread to other parts of the body.

恶性 肿瘤是由该侵入基底膜并侵入或扩散到身体的其他部位的细胞。

The basal side, or inner surface, is tightly attached to the basement membrane, a thin layer of mostly collagen fibers that helps hold the epithelium together, and anchors it to the next-deeper layer — your connective tissue.

基底侧或内表面紧密地附着在基底膜上，这是一层薄薄的胶原纤维，有助于将上皮保持在一起，并将其固定在下一层更深的结缔组织上。

Initially these inflammatory changes are completely reversible, but over the years irreversible changes start to take place —edema, scarring, and fibrosis build up, leading to thickening of the epithelial basement membrane, which permanently reduces the airway diameter.

最初这些炎症变化是完全可逆的，但是随时间进展，不可逆的变化开始发生，出现水肿、瘢痕、纤维化等症状，导致上皮基底膜增厚，从而永久性地减小气道直径。

Beneath the epithelium, there's another layer called the basement membrane made of tough connective tissue, and below that is the lamina propria which has yet more connective tissue that houses blood vessels, lymphatics, nerves, and immune cells.

在这层上皮下面的是另一层称为基底膜的结构，由坚硬的结缔组织构成，再往下是固有层，其包含更多结缔组织，容纳了血管、淋巴管、神经和免疫细胞。

It also builds up in the capillaries causing the basement membrane to thicken which makes it harder for oxygen to efficiently move from the vascular space to the tissues, causing hypoxia and death of the smooth muscle cells.

它还聚集在毛细血管中，使基底膜变厚，造成氧气更难从血管间隙高效地转移到组织中，导致缺氧、平滑肌细胞死亡。